Is there a way to determine what the thread is without removing strings and bridge? The exact diameter on a micrometer for the common threads would help. Thanks
Put a calliper on it and measure the diameter. Unless it's a one-off someone made using an oddball thread it's most likely going to be 1/4"-20, 5/16"-18 or 6mm.
Were you asking about determining the thread size on existing adjusters or trying to decide what size thread adjusters to install on a bridge that doesn't have any yet?