My understanding, incomplete, is that this pedal is band pass. Using the pedal changes the sound greatly, and can be blended in or out as desired. Am I by any chance already doing a sort of high pass when I dial the effect amount downward?
Not really. A HPF drastically attenuates all frequencies below its corner frequency and passes everything else.
A bandpass filter passes a specific range of frequencies while attenuating frequencies on either side of that range. The bassier sound you're getting is because you're emphasizing a lower frequency range relative to the frequencies outside it. It behaves more like a low/high mids boost rather than a bass cut.
Good article on filter basics can be found here. The curves for the various filters can better show what each does: